Treaty detail
India - Singapore tax treaty
A practical treaty page built around the official treaty text, key withholding categories, permanent-establishment rules, and article-level summaries.
Signed
1994-01-24
Effective
1994-08-27
Articles seeded
6
Withholding snapshot
Dividends
Individual rate: 15% · Corporate rate: 10%
The lower 10 percent corporate rate generally depends on direct-ownership thresholds. India's 2020 shift on dividend taxation affects how the article applies in practice.
Interest
Rate: 15%
The 15 percent ceiling can be reduced to 10 percent for qualifying bank interest.
Royalties
Rate: 10%
Royalties and fees for technical services generally face a 10 percent ceiling under the treaty as amended.
Permanent establishment
Construction threshold: more than 183 days
Dependent-agent analysis under the treaty includes specified habitual-conclusion rules.
Other treaty flags
Pension treatment is article-specific. The 2016 protocol materially changed capital-gains treatment of certain India-source equity gains for Singapore-resident investors.
Seeded article summaries
Article 4
Residence
Defines treaty residence under the 1994 wording as amended.
Article 4 has been refined by multiple protocols, notably the 2016 protocol which removed the capital-gains exemption for Singapore-resident investors in India-source equity gains.
Article 5
Permanent Establishment
Sets the business-presence threshold including service-PE provisions.
The treaty includes both construction and service-PE rules.
Article 7
Business Profits
Generally reserves business profits to the residence state in the absence of a PE.
Article 7 is the operating rule for cross-border services. Its protective effect is limited by the service-PE rule and FTS regime.
Article 10
Dividends
Caps source-country dividend withholding at treaty ceilings.
Article 10 produces the 15 percent and 10 percent treaty ceilings. India's 2020 shift on dividend taxation has changed how the article applies in practice.
Article 11
Interest
Limits source-country withholding on qualifying interest with category-specific rates.
Article 11 produces a 15 percent general ceiling but allows 10 percent for qualifying bank interest.
Article 12
Royalties and Fees for Technical Services
Caps royalties and FTS at treaty ceilings as amended.
Article 12 combines royalties and FTS at a 10 percent ceiling under the treaty as amended.
Official text
Other treaties involving these jurisdictions
Computed from the cross-reference graph. Links open the related entity on this site.
This entry cites
- TreatyUS–IN treaty
- TreatyGB–IN treaty
- TreatyGB–SG treaty
- TreatyCA–IN treaty
- TreatyAU–SG treaty
- TreatyAU–IN treaty
- TreatyDE–IN treaty
- TreatyDE–SG treaty
Primary sources
- Income Tax Department of India - DTAA listVerified 2026-05-20
- IRAS: list of DTAsVerified 2026-05-20
- OECD MLI matching databaseVerified 2026-05-20
Important disclaimer
This library is for general tax education only. Always verify filing obligations, due dates, and tax consequences against the cited primary source or with a qualified tax professional.